ing形式"獨立主格結構"

動詞的-ing形式作狀語時，其邏輯主語一般應與句子的主語保持一致。

Being ill, he went home.

由于生病,他回家了。（= As he was very ill, he went home.）

Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.

在課桌旁坐好后，他開始看雜志。（= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine.）

1．表示時間的-ing形式作"獨立主格結構"
Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class.
每個人都準備好后，老師開始上課。（相當于一個時間狀語從句When everyone was
ready)
The chairman began the meeting , everyone being seated.
每個人坐好后，主席開始開會。（相當于一個時間狀語從句after everyone was seated）

2．表示原因的-ing形式作"獨立主格結構"
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.由那個男孩帶路，我們沒有困難就找到了那奇怪的洞。（相當于一個原因狀語從句Because the boy led the way）
Many eyes watching him, he felt a bit nervous.許多眼睛看著他，他感到有點兒緊張。（相當于一個原因狀語從句As many eyes were watching him）
必背：
含有being的獨立主格結構。
It being National Day today，the streets are very crowded.今天是國慶節,街上很擁擠。
= As it is National Day today, the streets are very crowded.
There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.沒有別的事可討論，我們都回家了。
= As there was no further business to discuss, we all went home.

3．表示條件的-ing形式作"獨立主格結構"
Time permitting, we will have a picnic next week.
時間允許的話，我們下星期將進行一次野炊。（相當于一個條件狀語從句If time
permits)
My health allowing, I will work far into the night.
我的健康許可的話，我愿工作到深夜。（相當于一個條件狀語從句If my health allows）

4．表示方式的-ing形式作"獨立主格結構"
The students are walking in the school happily, each wearing a card in front of his chest.
學生們快樂地在學校里走著，每個人胸前都帶著一張卡。（相當于一個并列分句and each wears a card in front of his chest）
The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky.

男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看著天空。（相當于一個并列分句and his eyes were looking at the sky）

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